...that key behavioural results obtained in the laboratory be retested in the wild with freely-moving animals. During the first funding period, we obtained fundamental and unexpected results, namely no effects of electrosmog or a magnetic pulse on the departure direction of free-flying migratory birds. Logical follow-up questions are: Does electrosmog, which corrupts the birds’ magnetic compass in the laboratory, affect the departure decisions of migratory birds when a further compass system (e.g., star compass) is not available? Does a magnetic pulse affect the compensation ability of virtually translocated migratory birds?